Thyroid Gland Facts

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Thyroid Gland Facts

Thyroid – The Master Regulator

The thyroid gland is a high performance engine

  • Controls the rate of oxygen used by the cells the cells to make ATP energy
  • Makes proteins that operate cell and tissue function
  • Governs sensitivity of the cells to other hormones via cell membrane receptors
  • Participates as a feedback mechanism involving other glands: ovaries/ testes, adrenals, thymus, hypothalamus, pituitary, pancreas as well as lesser known endocrine cells in the heart, skin, placenta, kidneys, etc.
  • Promotes glucose conversion to pyruvate in the  liver
  • Makes glucose from fat
  • Controls volume of digestive enzymes
  • Maintains nervous system function
  • Promotes the female body’s ability to become pregnant
  • Controls hair growth
  • Facilitates skin hydration
  • Promotes bone growth and maintains strong bones
  • Maintains muscle tone including heart muscle integrity
  • Controls rate that the liver releases cholesterol

Roles of 7 Thyroid Hormones:

  1. T-0 [Thyroamine] – a precursor and by product of thyroid hormone synthesis. Does not act on thyroid hormone receptors.
  2. T-1 [3-iodothyronamine] – is a by-product derivative of T4 Thyroxine – counteracts thyroid hormonal activity. Causes hypothermia, low blood pressure, slow pulse, inactive, torpid states. Protects the heart.                                                   ***Amphetamines, Ecstasy turn on T-1 receptors.
  3. T-2 [3,3’-Diiodothyronine] – Increases mitochondrial respiration and cytochrome oxidase activity.*Stimulates metabolic rate to help in times of cold, over eating. Elevates basal rate. Increases oxidative rates in muscles, brown adipose and liver. Increases fat metabolic enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malic enzymes). Increases Growth Hormone. **Not as suppressive as T3 for TSH.
  4. T-3 [3,5,3’ Triiodothyronine] – The active molecule at the nuclear membrane receptor. Activated three ways: (1) Deiodination = removal of one iodine atom,         (2) Sulfation, (3) Glucuronidation
  5. T-4 [Thyroxine] – The major hormone. Called “storage.” 80% of what’s in the body. Converts in the liver, kidneys, brain, and cells to T-3 for active duty.
  6. RT-3 [Reversed T-3] – inactive, unable to express, used to clear out excessive T-4. **Pesticides in food cause more RT-3, as does stress based on adrenal output of stress hormones—cortisol, epinephrine, nor epinephrine. Blocks cell receptors causing thyroid hormone resistance.
  7. Calcitonin – *Suppresses bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclasts’ = bone loss, **Prevents Ca & Phosphorous from being retained in kidneys, thus loss in urine.

Note: If you want to go even further understanding the thyroid, this link will take you  there.  Iodine the Secret to Health by Dr. Jorge Flechas  http://www.xpeditionstv.com/V2/

Dr. Princetta is available for consult via Phone, Skype as well as “in house” visits.    Contact 619-231-1778 or https://drprincetta.com